Wed.Jun 21, 2023

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Orthopedic Surgery in Patients with Osteoporosis 

Radius Anesthesia

Approximately 10 million people in the U.S. suffer from osteoporosis, a disease that slows the growth of healthy bone and weakens bones over time. Osteoporosis affects nearly 20% of women aged 50 and over and can increase the risk of a fragility fracture during or after joint replacement surgery , of which falling is the most common cause 1. Greater fragility in the bones of a patient with osteoporosis can complicate orthopedic surgery.

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Calculating Cardiac Output With Volume-Time Integral (VTI)

RK.MD

Cardiac output ( CO ) is mathematically calculated as the product of heart rate and stroke volume. It’s related to preload, afterload, and contractility. One echocardiographic technique I routinely use to estimate a patient’s stroke volume is the volume-time integral ( VTI ). The VTI method is based on the Doppler effect which relates to the perceived change in frequency of sound waves as they reflect off moving objects.

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AEP Episode 5: Pneumonia- Community Acquired Pneumonia

The Lay Medical Man

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